COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY: CANINE AND HUMAN CANCER INSIGHTS

Abstract

In this paper we present a comprehensive comparison of cancer treatment in dogs and humans with the emphasis put on the similar molecular etiologies, clinical presentation, and treatment strategies.  Malignancies such as osteosarcoma, lymphoma, and melanoma are biologically similar and develop, grow, and are treated similarly within various species, according to the findings of the study as it integrated epidemiological data, molecular informing, and efficacy of treatments among the various species.  The statistics indicate that dogs and human beings have numerous similarities regarding the genetic alterations characterized by an alteration of TP53, PTEN, and BRAF; the issues of signalling networks encompass PI3K/AKT and MAPK.  According to Clinical trial data, canine oncology is an effective method to test new chemo therapies, targeted medications and immunotherapies in a short time. This has gone a long way in influencing how human beings deal with cancer.  There has also been an easier way to diagnose and treat issues at an earlier stage due to aspects of improvement in diagnostic imaging, molecular testing, and the decreased invasiveness of biopsies in animals and people.  The results of the comparative survival analyses reveal that although similarities in therapeutic responses often occur in congruence among species, pharmacokinetic differences, immune effects, and comorbidity make it necessary to adapt the responses to each species.  In this study, the researchers demonstrate the potential positive impacts of integrating One Health approach to oncology. To illustrate, trans-species collaborative studies would result in faster new discoveries, the narrowing of gaps between research and practice, and the improved outcomes of the patient.  Its findings point to enhanced collaboration between veterinarians and physicians to expand comparative oncology data sets, facilitate the more convenient incorporation of clinical research and enhance individualised cancer treatment to both dogs and humans.